In this podcast, Bryan and Magellan discuss the most common endocrine disorder in horses – Cushing’s Disease.
Topics covered include – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Ongoing Management.
The CEN Product range is highly suitable for a Cushing’s Horse with its very healthy nutrient profile.
CEN Store: https://cennutrition.com.au/horses/shop/
Understanding Cushing’s Disease in Horses: Are They at Risk?
Episode 103 of the CEN Nutrition Podcast dives into one of the most common and often misunderstood conditions in the equine world; Cushing’s disease (technically known as Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction or PPID). Hosted by Bryan and Magellan from the CEN team, the episode aims to help horse owners better understand this hormonal condition and what proactive steps can be taken to manage it.
What Is Cushing’s Disease in Horses?
Cushing’s disease involves the enlargement of the pituitary gland, which disrupts the horse’s hormonal balance by increasing ACTH production. This in turn elevates cortisol, the stress hormone, which can lead to a range of health issues. While cortisol plays important roles in energy regulation, immune function, and stress response, excessive levels over time are harmful.
It’s more common than you might think—by age 20, 20–30% of horses are affected, making it a condition all horse owners should be aware of.
Early Signs & Symptoms of Cushing’s Disease to Look Out For
Some of the key symptoms of Cushing’s disease in horses include:
- Long, shaggy coat that doesn’t shed normally
- Weight loss and muscle wastage (especially topline)
- Fat deposits in unusual places
- Increased thirst and urination
- A predisposition to insulin resistance and possibly laminitis
Not all horses will show every symptom, but these are red flags worth investigating with your vet.
Causes and Risk Factors of Equine Cushing’s Disease
There is no single known cause of Cushing’s disease, but several factors may increase a horse’s risk:
- Oxidative stress from inadequate antioxidants
- Diets high in sugar and starch
- Chronic stress or poor recovery from work
- Genetic predisposition
- Obesity and insulin resistance
Interestingly, Cushing’s disease is being seen more often in younger horses, which has led some experts to question whether it’s partially a man-made condition driven by modern management practices.
Testing For & Diagnosis of Cushing’s Disease in Horses
Diagnosis begins with your vet, who may recommend blood tests such as:
- Baseline ACTH levels
- Insulin and cortisol measurement
- TRH stimulation or dexamethasone suppression tests
These help determine whether a horse is truly affected and guide the next steps in treatment.
Treatment and Management of Equine Cushing’s Disease
While there is no cure, Cushing’s can be managed with a combination of medication and targeted nutrition. The most commonly prescribed drug is Pergolide (brand name Prascend), which reduces cortisol levels. Side effects may include appetite loss or gastrointestinal upset, so dietary support is essential.
The nutritional approach focuses on:
- Low sugar and starch (below 12% NSC in forage)
- High fibre roughage with low sugar content
- Vitamin and mineral support, especially antioxidants like Vitamin C, E, and A
- Healthy fat sources like CEN Oil to support weight without overfeeding
Magellan also recommends testing hay when possible, soaking it to lower sugar content, and choosing pasture times wisely to avoid high-sugar grazing in the afternoon.
Final Thoughts
Cushing’s disease requires long-term care—but with the right management, horses can still live happy, healthy lives for many years after diagnosis. Nutrition plays a pivotal role in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life.
If you suspect your horse may be at risk, reach out to your vet for testing.